surplus

//ˈsɜːrpləs//

Nouns
C1

Translation

surplus

Definition

Surplus refers to an amount that is more than what is needed or used. In economics, it often describes excess supply or extra resources beyond demand. For example, a budget surplus occurs when income exceeds spending, while a food surplus means there is more food than people can consume. This term is commonly used in finance, trade, and inventory management to indicate a positive excess. It can also apply to personal situations, like having surplus time or energy. Note that surplus can also mean a leftover or remainder, but here we focus on the sense of extra quantity.

Example

  • The company had a surplus of inventory after the holiday season.

  • The government announced a budget surplus for the first time in a decade.

  • Farmers often sell their surplus crops at local markets.

  • We have a surplus of food, so let's donate it to the shelter.

  • The trade surplus helped strengthen the national currency.

  • After the project, there was a surplus of materials that could be reused.

  • The school had a surplus of textbooks, so they gave some to the library.

  • During the war, the country maintained a surplus of essential supplies.

  • She had a surplus of energy after a good night's sleep.

  • The surplus from the fundraiser was used to buy new equipment.

Synonyms

excess
oversupply
abundance
extra
glut

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